The similarity of Butlerov's postulates with the laws of the Russian language In chemical compounds, the elements are not located in disorder, but are connected in a certain sequence, just as in a word the letters are located in a certain sequence. In chemical compounds, the elements are not arranged in disorder, but are connected in a certain sequence, just as in a word the letters are arranged in a certain sequence. Properties depend on the structure of a substance, and its meaning depends on the structure of a word. Properties depend on the structure of a substance, and its meaning depends on the structure of a word.
Similar to the periodic table, there is an alphabet in the Russian language. Similar to the periodic table, there is an alphabet in the Russian language. Substances are divided into metals and non-metals, and the alphabet is divided into vowels and consonants. Substances are divided into metals and non-metals, and the alphabet is divided into vowels and consonants. Words are made from letters of the alphabet, just as compounds are made from elements of the periodic table. Words are made from letters of the alphabet, just as compounds are made from elements of the periodic table.
Similarity of chemical compounds with sentences in the Russian language The inner sphere of complex salts is highlighted on both sides by square brackets, and the sentences contain participial phrases, which are highlighted on both sides by commas. The internal sphere of complex salts is highlighted on both sides by square brackets, and sentences contain participial phrases, which are highlighted on both sides by commas. Chemical atoms form compounds, just as letters form words. Chemical atoms form compounds, just as letters form words.
Variety of chemicals and words in the Russian language The variety of chemicals corresponds to the variety of words in the Russian language. The variety of chemical substances corresponds to the variety of words in the Russian language. In chemistry there are the most common substances (water, carbon dioxide), just as in the Russian language there are the most common, frequently used words (hello, bye, yes, no) In chemistry there are the most common substances (water, carbon dioxide), so the same as in the Russian language there are the most common, frequently used words (hello, bye, yes, no)
Division of chemical substances and words in the Russian language Chemical substances are divided into oxides, salts, acids, and words in the Russian language are divided into verbs, nouns, adjectives. Chemical substances are divided into oxides, salts, acids, and words in Russian are divided into verbs, nouns, and adjectives.
Conclusion In the process of research and drawing analogies, we found many similarities between such different, at first glance, sciences. In the process of research and drawing analogies, we found many similarities between such different, at first glance, sciences. The basis of chemistry is the atom, the basis of the Russian language is the letter. Just as words are made up of letters, so molecules are made up of atoms, just as sentences are made up of words, so complex chemical compounds are made up of molecules. The basis of chemistry is the atom, the basis of the Russian language is the letter. Just as words are made up of letters, so molecules are made up of atoms, just as sentences are made up of words, so complex chemical compounds are made up of molecules. There is a lot in common between chemistry and the Russian language. There is a lot in common between chemistry and the Russian language.
Information sources 1. Secrets of the Russian language, Moscow: “Enlightenment” 1991 1. G. G. Granik, S. M. Bondarenko, Secrets of the Russian language, Moscow: “Enlightenment” 1991 E. Grosse, H. Weissmantel, Chemistry for the curious, Leningrad: “Chemistry”, 1985. E. Grosse, H. Weissmantel, Chemistry for the curious, Leningrad: “Chemistry”, 1985. Scientific encyclopedia Chemistry, Moscow: Bustard, 2001. Scientific encyclopedia Chemistry, Moscow: Bustard, 2001.
Part 1
1. Horizontal table D.I. Mendeleev is divided into periods, which are subdivided into
a) small, these are periods - 1, 2, 3
b) large, these are periods - 4, 5, 6, 7
2. Vertical table D.I. Mendeleev is divided into groups, each of which is subdivided into:
a) main, or A group
b) side, or to the group
3. Add
IA group is a group of alkali metals
IIA group is a group alkaline earth metals
Group VIIA is a group of halogens
VIIIA group is a group of noble or inert gases
4. Analogies of the language of chemistry with the Russian language.
5. Complete the table “Names and signs of elements.”
6. Examples of names of chemical elements (indicate the chemical sign in brackets) in accordance with etymological sources.
1) Properties of simple substances
Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Fluorine (F)
2) Astronomy
Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), Uranium (U)
3) Geography
Germanium (Ge), Gallium (Ga), Polonium (Po)
4) Ancient Greek myths
Tantar (Ta), Promethium (Pm), Lutetium (Lu)
5) Great scientists
Curium (Cm), Mendelevium (Md), Rutherfordium (Rt)
Part 2
1. Establish a correspondence between the position of a chemical element in the Periodic Table D.I. Mendeleev and chemical sign.
Answer: A-5, B-1, B-2, G-4
2. Select symbols or names of chemical elements from one large period. From the letters corresponding to the correct answers, you will form the names of the metal that is used to make sparklers: magnesium.
3. Write the names of the following chemical elements in the appropriate columns: Cl, He, Br, Ne, Li, I, K, Ba, Ca, Na, Xe, Sr.
4. Fill in the blanks in the logic diagram.
Chemical element (H, O) - chemical reaction (H 2 O) - chemical production (2H 2 O = 2H 2 + O 2)
5. Make a generalization:
Chemical elements - carbon, silicon, tin, lead - belong to group IVA.
6. In the left column of the table, write down on what basis the chemical elements are divided into two groups.
7. Establish a correspondence between the pronunciation and the chemical sign (symbol).
Answer: A-4, B-6, B-2, G-7, D-5, E-1
8. Cross out the unnecessary:
curium, mendelevium, bromine, einsteinium
9. General etymological source of names of chemical elements:
U, Te, Se is a planetarium
10. Elements are named after various states or parts of the world:
Germanium, gallium, francium, dubnium
Interdisciplinary connection between chemistry and the Russian language
T.A. Saryglar
chemistry teacher of the highest category
MBOUSOSH No. 3 of Ak-Dovurak, Republic of Tyva.
The selection of entertaining material on chemical terminology should contribute to further memorization of chemical terms. The study of chemical terminology can be associated with the study of such subjects as physics, biology, history, Russian language, geography, astronomy, music, mathematics, literature. For example, in literature adjectives are used as colorful epithets: iron muscles, iron nerves, lead face, golden hands, golden heart, copper forehead, silver voice, tin eyes. At the same time, chemistry borrows literary terms: copper teasing, pig iron, pig iron, blende, tin plague, pickling, fatigue, creep, hardening
Many names of food products and household items with the addition of the corresponding chemical epithet are the names of chemical substances: lime water, lead sugar, milk of lime, oil of vitriol, arsenic mirror, etc.
In chemistry, adjectives are used that indicate any characteristic feature (origin or properties): “noble gas”, “noble” metal, swamp gas, “dry” ice, “dry” alcohol, inert gas, detonating gas. The most interesting terms in chemical terminology are those that have not only chemical but also other meanings. These are homonyms - words that sound the same, but have different meanings.
Some well-known terms that are homonyms of terms in astronomy, biology, history, mathematics, physics.
Homonyms.
Terms that are homonyms.
What do the following terms mean?
In chemistry and biology: boron, brush, moth, pestle, rust, reaction?
In chemistry and mathematics: cylinder, radical, radius, proportion, product?
In chemistry, history and mythology: radical, tantalum, uranium, reaction, mummy?
In chemistry and astronomy: uranium, titanium, plutonium?
In chemistry and music: moth, salt?
In chemistry and medicine: boron, donor, flux?
In chemistry and everyday life: biscuit, salt?
Allonge:
1) an attached conical tube to extend the neck of a refrigerator or retort;
2) a device for collecting non-condensed zinc vapor upon receipt;
3) the maximum distance from which a boxer can strike.
Biscuit:
- porcelain with a matte surface, not covered with glaze, used for sculptural work, making chemical dishes, pipes;
- pastry.
Bor:
- Danish physicist;
- chemical element;
- genus of cereals;
- Pinery;
- cities of the Gorky region and Yugoslavia;
- steel drill used in dental technology.
Donor:
- an atom that has a free electron pair through which a chemical bond can be formed;
- person giving blood for transfusion.
Ruff:
- brush for washing chemical dishes;
- fish of the perch family.
Mol:
- unit of quantity of a substance;
- one of the small butterfly species;
- translated from Italian means “soft”, used as a musical term - minor.
Mummy:
- mineral paint consisting of anhydrous iron (III) oxide;
- a corpse preserved from decomposition by artificial means.
Pestle:
- a short rod of porcelain, agate, metal with a rounded end for grinding something in a mortar;
- part of a flower.
Radical:
- A group of atoms in chemical reactions usually passes without change from one compound to another;
- mathematical sign;
- supporter of radical, decisive measures.
Reaction:
- physico-chemical interaction between substances;
- the body's response to external or internal stimulation;
- a policy of active resistance to social progress.
Rust:
- the result of metal corrosion;
- a group of diseases of many plants, for example “bread rust”.
Salt:
- a complex substance consisting of metal atoms and acidic residues;
- note name;
- In everyday life, “salt” means table salt – sodium chloride.
Tantalum:
- a chemical element so named because it is difficult to obtain;
- in ancient Greek mythology, a Lydian or Phrygian king was doomed by the gods to eternal torment.
Termites:
- flammable powder mixture that produces a high temperature when burned;
- order of insects
Titanium:
- chemical element;
- satellite of the planet Saturn;
- in ancient Greek mythology - a giant who entered into a fight with the gods.
- an outstanding person with an exceptionally wide range of activities.
Uranus:
- chemical element;
- planet Uranus;
- in ancient Greek mythology - the god of the sky.
Flux:
- material introduced into the charge to form slag;
- subperiosteal or subgingival abscess.
Cylinder:
- chemical measuring vessel;
- geometric body;
- part of the machine pistons;
- men's hat.
Element:
- type of atoms;
- device for producing direct current;
- an integral part of a complex whole.
Antonyms
Explain the terms (define the concepts)
Metal - non-metal
Atom - molecule
Simple substance - complex substance
Physical phenomena – chemical phenomena
Compound - Decomposition
Reversible - irreversible
Exothermic - endothermic
Acid - base
Non-polar bond - polar bond
Oxidizing agent - reducing agent
Oxidation – reduction
Catalyst - inhibitor
Electrolyte – non-electrolyte
Dissociation - association
Adsorption - desorption
Limit – non-limit
Alkanes – alkenes
Accession - substitution
Hydrogenation - dehydrogenation
Hydration – dehydration
Halogenation – dehalogenation
Hydrohalogenation – dehydrohalogenation
Hydrolysis – saponification
Monomer - polymer.
Isomers - homologs
Low molecular weight – high molecular weight
Acyclic - cyclic
- Metaphors.
Chemical dead – saturated hydrocarbons (inactive)
Carbon skeleton - the ability of carbon atoms to connect with each other.
Queen of energy - oil
The king of gases is methane
Philosopher's Wool – Zinc Oxide
Tin plague - change in color of tin from white to gray when cooled
In everyday life, we often hear expressions in which the properties of some objects or objects are compared with the properties of metals.
Within a minute, everyone must name similar phrases.
Iron: iron nerves, iron health, iron age, iron man, iron mind
Gold: golden circulation, golden age, golden wedding, golden youth, golden fleece, golden mean.
Silver: silver moon, silver month, silver face, silver wedding.
Lead: lead fist, lead face, lead fur coat.
Synonyms
1. Table salt, sodium chloride
2. Slaked lime, lime water, milk of lime - calcium hydroxide.
3. Copper sulfate, copper(II) sulfate.
Changelings.
After listening to the text of the “shifter”, find the correct sound of the phrase.
A) Conversation is mercury, and screaming is platinum
The word is silver, silence is gold
B) Smooth the metal until Cold.
Strike the iron, bye bye hot
B) It was cold, dry and tin pipes.
Passed fire, water and copper pipes
D) Not the kind of dirt that is dull
That's not gold that glitters
D) Animals live for non-metal
People are dying for metal.
E) In the desert, saxaul is brown, wearing a copper wedding ring.
Green oak near Lukomorye
Golden chain on oak volume.
Aliger M.
" Lenin's mountains"
Oh, physics is the science of sciences
Everything is ahead!
How little is behind you!
Let us have chemistry together.
Let mathematics become your eyes.
Don't separate these three sisters
knowledge of everything in the sublunary world,
then only the mind and eye will be sharper and human knowledge will be wider
The nature of minerals, the depths of mountains,
Mechanics, metallurgy odes.
Hydraulics – bridging rivers.
The birth of chemical science.
The great Russian man stands up,
A powerful mind, laboring hands bend over the ore samples,
Spills strong acids.
Works.
Science is work, martial arts, and precise calculations.
(Aliger M. Poems and poems M.: Khud.lit-ra, 1970)
Stepan Shchipachev
"Reading Mendeleev"
There is nothing else in nature
Neither here nor there, in the depths of space.
Everything - from small grains of sand to planets -
The elements consist of a single
There is simply gas - the lightest hydrogen,
There is just oxygen, and together it is -
June rain from all the bounties,
September fogs at dawn.
(S. Shchipachev. Art literature M., 1954)
Topics: Atom and molecule, Elements, Simple and complex substances, Substances and their properties, Atomic and molecular science (About Lomonosov)
Chemical language
Chemical language belongs to the artificial languages of science.
Dean of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University, Academician Valery Lunin: “We have been teaching a short course on the history of chemistry at the Faculty of Foreign Languages for several years now. Because it is its own chemical language. In addition to the periodic table, there are millions of other names for substances. The language of science is developing as dynamically as science itself. And every year tens of thousands of new compounds are synthesized; they need to be named correctly.”
A message written in most natural languages is divided into sentences, sentences into words, and words into letters. If sentences, words and letters are called parts of language, then we can distinguish similar parts in chemical language:
The names of chemical substances are an integral part of the chemical language.
see also
Notes
Literature
- Filatova Olga Viktorovna. Chemical symbolism as a means of developing the creative activity of schoolchildren: Dis. ...cand. ped. Sciences: 13.00.02: St. Petersburg, 2000 284 p. RSL OD, 61:01-13/784-1
- Vladykina A.V., Kuznetsova N.E. Chemical language at school. - Vologda, 1980.
Links
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
See what “Chemical language” is in other dictionaries:
- (chemical language) - a system of the most important concepts of chemistry and the terms in which they are described, symbols of chemical elements, nomenclature of inorganic and organic substances (their names, including trivial ones), chemical formulas and equations, ... ... Wikipedia
- (from the word chemistry). Related to chemistry, belonging to it. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. CHEMICAL related to chemistry and the study of the properties of simple bodies; producing changes in matter... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Album Mavrik Release date 2001 Recorded 2001 Genre Heavy metal Duration 47:20 ... Wikipedia
chemical markup language- Convention-based XML markup language for documents containing chemical formulas and data. Topics information technology in general EN Chemical Markup Language (CML) ... Technical Translator's Guide
- “Russian Chemical Journal” ... Wikipedia
Self-name: Limburgs (Plat, Lèmbörgs) [ˈlɛmbœʁxs], Countries: Netherlands, Belgium ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Gordon. Gordon Genre Popular science and philosophical conversations Author(s) Alexander Gordon Director(s) Leonid Gune Production NTV Presenter(s) ... Wikipedia
Generation of SMILES number: First, broken rings are encoded, then branches from the main structure are described. SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification, English simplified representation specification... ... Wikipedia
State government educational institution of the Sverdlovsk region "Ekaterinburg boarding school for children in need of long-term treatment"
Scientific and practical conference “The Great and Mighty Russian Language”
Research project “Connection of the Russian language with chemistry”
9th grade students Smolin Nikolay
Dolgikh Lyudmila
Aminov Andrey
Project Manager
Nezamutdinova L.A., chemistry teacher
Yekaterinburg city
2017
Table of contents
Introduction (the reason for choosing the topic, why it is interesting,
purpose, objectives, subject of research, methods).___________2
Main part
Connection of the Russian language with chemistry (theory)______________________________ 3
The connection between the Russian language and chemistry (practical examples)______________________ 5
Conclusion (conclusions, suggestions, recommendations,
prospects)._______________________________________13
List of used literature.__________________14
Applications (photos, written work of students,
questionnaires).__________________________________________15
Presentation (5-7 minutes).
Introduction
For our presentation at the scientific and practical conference, we chose the topic “Connection of the Russian language with chemistry.” The choice of this topic is explained not only by the subject of research and development work, but also by scientific interest. Initially it seemed that there was and could not be any connection between these two subjects. However, while working on this topic, we became convinced that this connection exists and we tried to trace this connection. We will try to convey this to the NPK.
We set ourselves the goal of exploring the relationship between the Russian language and chemistry, showing this with specific examples and proving it in our speech.
To do this, we conducted a study of numerous Internet sources and literature, analyzed them and found that students have a rather poor understanding of this topic. In addition, together with the chemistry teacher, we conducted a mini-survey (testing) on the topic “The connection between the Russian language and chemistry” and analyzed them.
Based on the data from these studies, we came to the conclusion that students' knowledge related to these issues is insufficient. In our study, we decided to fill this gap.
Main part
Analysis of test results
To determine the interest of students in grades 7-9 in this topic, an anonymous test was conducted, in which the following questions were presented:
What associations do you have when you hear the word “chemistry” (for 7th grade)?
What impression did you have about this subject after the 1st year of study (for 9th grade)?
Do you like chemistry as a subject?
If yes/no – why?
What subjects do you think are related to chemistry?
How do you think chemistry might be related to the Russian language? Can you give specific examples of this connection?
Do you think it is possible to do without chemistry now?
The survey results showed that the majority of high school students associate the word “chemistry” with experiments, explosions (54%) or a chemistry lesson (38%). To question No. 2, the majority (76%) answered that this is too difficult a subject, there are a lot of formulas, there is a lot to study, it is difficult to write equations correctly. When asked whether you like chemistry as a school subject and why, 34% of respondents gave a positive answer; they are interested in chemistry lessons; 46% did not clearly define their attitude (since they do not understand much) and 10% categorically answered “no”, without justifying their answer.
Among the chemical professions, the majority of survey participants (49%) named laboratory assistants and chemistry teachers, 11% noted pharmacists and doctors, chemical scientists; 20% did not name a single chemical profession. Regarding their future specialty, 15% of students wrote that it might be related to chemistry; one person wrote that they would like to study chemistry as a science.
And finally, all survey participants believe that the life of modern society without chemistry is not possible.
Problematic question: What can chemistry and the Russian language have in common?
Hypothesis We believe that chemistry and the Russian language cannot have anything in common.
But during the research we found evidence to the contrary.
The similarity of Butlerov's postulates with the laws of the Russian language. In chemical compounds, the elements are not arranged in disorder, but are connected in a certain sequence, just as in a word the letters are arranged in a certain sequence.
Properties depend on the structure of a substance, and its meaning depends on the structure of a word.
Similar to the periodic table, there is an alphabet in the Russian language. 4. Substances are divided into metals and non-metals, and the alphabet is divided into vowels and consonants.
Words are made from letters of the alphabet, just as compounds are made from elements of the periodic table.
Connection of letters and elements. There are strong and weak connections, just as there are stable and unstable expressions.
Similarity of chemical compounds with sentences in the Russian language The inner sphere of complex salts is highlighted on both sides by square brackets, and the sentences contain participial phrases, which are highlighted on both sides by commas.
Chemical atoms form compounds, just as letters form words.
Variety of chemicals and words in the Russian language. The variety of chemical substances corresponds to the variety of words in the Russian language. In chemistry, there are the most common substances (water, carbon dioxide), just as in the Russian language there are the most common, frequently used words (hello, bye, yes, no).
10. Division of chemical substances and words in the Russian language Chemical substances are divided into oxides, salts, acids, and words in the Russian language are divided into verbs, nouns, adjectives.
Conclusion . In the process of research and drawing analogies, we found many similarities between such different, at first glance, sciences. The basis of chemistry is the atom, the basis of the Russian language is the letter. Just as words are made up of letters, so molecules are made up of atoms, just as sentences are made up of words, so complex chemical compounds are made up of molecules. There is a lot in common between chemistry and the Russian language.
The selection of entertaining material on chemical terminology should contribute to further memorization of chemical terms. The study of chemical terminology can be associated with the study of such subjects as physics, biology, history, Russian language, geography, astronomy, music, mathematics, literature.For example, in literature adjectives are used as colorful epithets: iron muscles, iron nerves, lead face, golden hands, golden heart, copper forehead, silver voice, tin eyes. At the same time, chemistry borrows literary terms: copper teasing, pig iron, pig iron, blende, tin plague, pickling, fatigue, creep, hardening.
Many names of food and household items with the addition of the corresponding chemical epithet are the names of chemical substances: lime water, lead sugar, milk of lime, oil of vitriol, arsenic mirror, etc.
In chemistry, adjectives are used that indicate any characteristic feature (origin or properties): “noble gas”, “noble” metal, swamp gas, “dry” ice, “dry” alcohol, inert gas, detonating gas. The most interesting terms in chemical terminology are those that have not only chemical but also other meanings.
This connects chemistry not only with the Russian language, but also with other subjects.
Thishomonyms - words are the same in sound, but different in meaning.
What do the following terms mean?
In chemistry and biology: boron, brush, moth, pestle, rust, reaction?
In chemistry and mathematics: cylinder, radical, radius, proportion, product?
In chemistry, history and mythology: radical, tantalum, uranium, reaction, mummy?
In chemistry and astronomy: uranium, titanium, plutonium?
In chemistry and music: moth, salt?
In chemistry and medicine: boron, donor, flux?
In chemistry and everyday life: biscuit, salt?
Biscuit:
porcelain with a matte surface, not covered with glaze, used for sculptural work, making chemical dishes, pipes;
pastry.
Bor:
Danish physicist;
chemical element;
genus of cereals;
Pinery;
cities of the Gorky region and Yugoslavia;
steel drill used in dental technology.
Donor:
an atom that has a free electron pair through which a chemical bond can be formed;
person giving blood for transfusion.
Ruff:
brush for washing chemical dishes;
fish of the perch family.
Mol:
unit of quantity of a substance;
one of the small butterfly species;
translated from Italian means “soft”, used as a musical term - minor.
Mummy:
mineral paint consisting of anhydrous iron (III) oxide;
a corpse preserved from decomposition by artificial means.
Pestle:
a short rod of porcelain, agate, metal with a rounded end for grinding something in a mortar;
part of a flower.
Radical:
A group of atoms in chemical reactions usually passes without change from one compound to another;
mathematical sign;
supporter of radical, decisive measures.
Reaction:
physico-chemical interaction between substances;
the body's response to external or internal stimulation;
a policy of active resistance to social progress.
Rust:
the result of metal corrosion;
a group of diseases of many plants, for example “bread rust”.
Salt:
a complex substance consisting of metal atoms and acidic residues;
note name;
In everyday life, “salt” means table salt – sodium chloride.
Tantalum:
a chemical element so named because it is difficult to obtain;
in ancient Greek mythology, a Lydian or Phrygian king was doomed by the gods to eternal torment.
Termites:
flammable powder mixture that produces a high temperature when burned;
order of insects
Titanium:
chemical element;
satellite of the planet Saturn;
in ancient Greek mythology - a giant who entered into a fight with the gods.
an outstanding person with an exceptionally wide range of activities.
Uranus:
chemical element;
planet Uranus;
in ancient Greek mythology - the god of the sky.
Flux:
material introduced into the charge to form slag;
subperiosteal or subgingival abscess.
Cylinder:
chemical measuring vessel;
geometric body;
part of the machine pistons;
men's hat.
Element:
type of atoms;
device for producing direct current;
an integral part of a complex whole.
Antonyms -words with opposite meanings.
Metal - non-metal
Simple substance - complex substance
Physical phenomena – chemical phenomena
Compound - Decomposition
Reversible - irreversible
Exothermic - endothermic
Acid - base
Non-polar bond - polar bond
Oxidizing agent - reducing agent
Oxidation – reduction
Catalyst - inhibitor
Electrolyte – non-electrolyte
Dissociation - association
Adsorption - desorption
Limit – non-limit
Alkanes – alkenes
Accession - substitution
Hydrogenation - dehydrogenation
Hydration – dehydration
Hydrolysis – saponification
Monomer - polymer.
Isomers - homologs
Low molecular weight – high molecular weight
Acyclic - cyclic
Metaphors- figurative expressions.
Chemical dead – saturated hydrocarbons (inactive)
Carbon skeleton - the ability of carbon atoms to connect with each other.
Queen of energy - oil
The king of gases is methane
Philosopher's Wool – Zinc Oxide
Tin plague - change in color of tin from white to gray when cooled
In everyday life, we often hear expressions in which the properties of some objects or objects are compared with the properties of metals.
(Name similar phrases within a minute).
Iron: iron nerves, iron health, iron age, iron man, iron mind
Gold: golden circulation, golden age, golden wedding, golden youth, golden fleece, golden mean.
Silver: silver moon, silver month, silver face, silver wedding.
Lead: lead fist, lead face, lead fur coat.
Synonyms
1. Table salt, sodium chloride
2. Slaked lime, lime water, milk of lime - calcium hydroxide.
3. Copper sulfate, copper(II) sulfate.
Changelings.
After listening to the text of the “shifter”, find the correct sound of the phrase.
A) Conversation is mercury, and screaming is platinum
The word is silver, silence is gold
B) Smooth the metal until Cold.
Strike the iron, bye bye hot
B) It was cold, dry and tin pipes.
Passed fire, water and copper pipes
D) Not the kind of dirt that is dull
That's not gold that glitters
8
D) Animals live for non-metal
People are dying for metal.
E) In the desert, saxaul is brown, wearing a copper wedding ring.
Green oak near Lukomorye
Golden chain on oak volume.
Poets write poems about chemistry:
Margarita Aliger, “Lenin Mountains”:
Oh, physics is the science of sciences
Everything is ahead!
How little is behind you!
Let chemistry be our hands.
Let mathematics become your eyes.
Don't separate these three sisters
knowledge of everything in the sublunary world,
then only the mind and eye will be sharp
and human knowledge is wider
The nature of minerals, the depths of mountains,
Mechanics, metallurgy odes.
Hydraulics – bridging rivers.
The birth of chemical science.
The great Russian man stands up,
Mighty mind, hard working hands
bends over ore samples,
Spills strong acids.
Works.
Science is work, martial arts, and precise calculations.
Stepan Shchipachev, “Reading Mendeleev”:
There is nothing else in nature
Neither here nor there, in the depths of space.
Everything - from small grains of sand to planets -
The elements consist of a single
There is simply gas - the lightest hydrogen,
There is just oxygen, and together it is -
June rain from all the bounties,
September fogs at dawn.
M. Lomonosov “Ode on Glass” and much more.
An etymological approach to revealing the content of the names of groups of chemical elements will help the teacher to form in students a generalized chemical knowledge that reflects the most essential and fundamental property of the elements of one group.
For example, “halogens” - “giving birth to salts” (when interacting with metals); “chalcogens” - “giving birth to ores” (iron oxide ores: red, brown and magnetic iron ores - for oxygen; sulfide ores of iron, zinc, copper - for sulfur); “alkali metals” - “metals that form alkalis” (when interacting with water). It is interesting to show that the elements of the main subgroup of group VIII of D.I. Mendeleev’s periodic system have two names. One of the names is “inert gases”, since until quite recently science had no information that they enter into chemical reactions and form compounds with other elements. Therefore, the valence of inert elements was considered zero and assigned to the “zero” group of the periodic table. However, in the early 60s. compounds of krypton, xenon and radon (the atoms of these elements have the largest radii) were obtained with the most active oxidizing agent, for example, fluorine. The oxidation state of these elements in the corresponding compounds reaches 8, therefore they are classified as the main subgroup of group VIII. Nevertheless, the elements of this subgroup are characterized by low chemical activity, and helium compounds have not yet been obtained at all, which served as the basis for the name of the elements of this subgroup - “noble gases”.
Students will better understand the differences between the concepts of “substance” and “body” when performing, for example, tasks like: “From the list of names, write down separately the names of substances and the names of bodies,” if the teacher gives them the following linguistic guideline: “You can match a body-noun a qualitative adjective from the name of a substance, for example: iron and nail - iron nail, pipes and ceramics - ceramic pipes, etc.
Connections with the Russian language can be made using teaching methods adopted in the Russian language. In addition to the traditional chemical dictation (writing the names of substances according to their formula and vice versa), an oral chemical story or a written presentation according to the formula of a substance is possible. Thus, a story or presentation using the formula H3PO4 includes information about the substance, such as whether it belongs to the type of complex substances, to the class of acids: tribasic, oxygen-containing, soluble, non-volatile, medium in strength.
You can also use a method such as a chemical essay. It allows students to awaken interest in the subject, express their attitude to the material being studied, and gives an emotional overtones.
chemical facts. Here are examples of such essays.
"The most powerful oxidizing agent"
Once upon a time there was oxygen. And he was so strong that, no matter who he met, he would immediately oxidize. And they called oxygen an oxidizing agent, the substances resulting from a reaction with oxygen were called oxides, and the process was called oxidation. Oxygen moves around the periodic table and reacts with everyone. He became boastful, arrogant and decided that in the chemical world there was no one stronger than him. Yet oxygen was wrong. Once he came across fluorine in the table. Oxygen decided to oxidize it. He called hydrogen to his aid and, having formed water, went on the offensive against fluorine. Water expected to quickly defeat fluoride. But fluorine turned out to be stronger. And a miracle happened. The water that extinguishes fires itself caught fire in fluoride. Oxygen, which was considered an oxidizing agent, became a reducing agent in this reaction. So fluorine surpassed oxygen and turned out to be the most powerful of the oxidizing agents.
“The combustion of water, or how oxygen was a reducing agent”
Fluorine, like all base elements, had its own cherished dream. Just one electron was not enough for him to be completely happy. And the dream is to beg, take away or steal a treasured electron from someone. One day, having decided to fulfill his desire, he set off on a journey. Fluorine walked for a long time, but no one met him. Having lost hope, he suddenly saw water - a fairly strong and friendly compound of hydrogen and oxygen, which once combined their electrons, connecting them with a covalent polar bond. “Okay,” fluorine decided, “I’ll push out this proud one from here - oxygen, because it comes after me in the electronegativity series, which means I’m the strongest oxidizing agent, it’s not for nothing that I’m called “fluorine” - “destructive”. Oxygen has long been accustomed to its neighbor hydrogen. He arrogantly thought that he had control over all elements: both metals and non-metals - he could take away electrons from any element, oxidizing it. Even the process was named oxidation after oxygen. And then fluorine appeared and hit the water. It began to boil, began to seethe, and a flame appeared on its surface - it is difficult for fluorine to displace oxygen from a warm place; it did not give up so easily. “Look! Look! - the neighboring elements said to each other. – The water burns in fluorine! Well well!
"Interaction of chlorine with hydrogen"
Once upon a time there was chlorine, and it needed one electron to complete its outer shell. One day he went in search of an electron, and suddenly he met hydrogen. And hydrogen had a dream to get one electron, because it really wanted to be like helium. Chlorine asks hydrogen: “Give me your electron.” “I need another one myself,” hydrogen disagrees. They argued and finally came to an agreement. Chlorine says: “Let’s connect and form a common electron pair. You will then have two electrons in your last shell, and I will have eight.” That's what they decided on. The reaction took place violently and very quickly, releasing a large amount of heat, i.e. was exothermic. And as a result, hydrogen chloride was formed, the solution of which is known as hydrochloric acid. But we didn’t have to rejoice at hydrogen for long, because chlorine, as a more electronegative element, pulled the common electron pair towards itself, and hydrogen was left almost completely without electrons. Hydrogen did not like this very much, and he decided to leave chlorine. But could not. After all, the reaction is irreversible.
Conclusion
The implementation of connections between the Russian language and chemistry in the learning process makes it possible to educate literate students who know chemical terminology, and also makes it possible to conduct interesting, varied in form and effective in content chemistry lessons.
It is also necessary to note the feedback: an increasing number of chemical terms are becoming familiar both in colloquial speech and in public speeches of public and government figures. Thus, the process of transferring the military industry to the production of civilian products is most fully reflected by the chemical term “conversion”. In the speeches of the head of state, chemical terms are used to more fully and accurately reflect what was said: “catalyst”, “chain reaction”, “life-giving oxygen”, “equivalent exchange”, etc. This enriches the speech, making it more imaginative and rich.
The Russian language and the language of chemistry are interconnected and interdependent. The organic use of their genetic connections will contribute to a more complete realization of the capabilities of both subjects for the humanization of chemistry teaching.
List of used literature
G.G. Granik, S.B. Bondarenko, Secrets of the Russian language, M.: “Enlightenment” 2001.
G.G. Granik, S.M. Bondarenko, Scientific encyclopedia: Chemistry, M.: “Drofa” 2002.
E. Grosse, H. Weissmantel, Chemistry for the curious, St. Petersburg: “Chemistry”, 2001.
Scientific encyclopedia: Chemistry, M.: “Bustard” 2001.
Information from sites.
Application
Presentation.
Contents of tests.