Spotlight grammar времена перфект презентации. Презентация на тему Past Perfect

Past Perfect Tense

Прошедшее завершенное время

РЦДО ДИ, г, Махачкала

Образование

had + V 3

Употребление Past Perfect

Обозначает действие, которое уже совершилось до некоего момента в прошлом.

I called Jim too late, he had already left.

Я позвонил Джиму слишком поздно, он уже ушел.

Past Perfect представляет собой «предпрошедшее» время, поскольку оно выражает прошедшее действие по отношению к моменту, также являющемуся прошедшим. Этот момент может быть определен:

• такими обозначениями времени, как

by five o’clock к пяти часам

by Saturday к субботе

by the end of the year к концу года

by that time к тому времени и т. п.:

We had translated the article by five o’clock .

Мы (уже) перевели статью к пяти часам.

• другим (более поздним) прошедшим действием, выраженным в Past Simple:

Lucy had cooked the dinner when Bob came home .

Люси (уже) приготовила обед, когда Боб пришел домой.

Указатели времени

Утвердительное предложение

By the end of the year he had learnt to speak French.

К концу года он (уже) научился говорить по-французски.

We examined the goods which they had sent us.

Мы осмотрели товары, которые они нам прислали.

Вопросительное предложение

Had he written a letter when I came in?

Он (уже) написал письмо, когда я вошел?

Had they come back by two o"clock yesterday?

Вчера они (уже) возвратились к двум часам?

Отрицательное предложение

I had not read the book by Saturday .

Я еще не прочитал эту книгу к субботе.

When we called for Julia, she hadn’t yet got up.

Когда мы зашли за Джулией, она еще не встала (была в постели).

Упражнение 1

Insert the verbs in the Past Perfect tense. Вставьте глаголы в Past Perfect.

• I ... (to have) breakfast before I went to school.
• I … (not do) my homework.
• By 8 o’clock the rain ... (to stop).
• She went to the post-office after she ... (to write) the letter.
• I apologized I … (not/phone) her.
• He ... (to work) at the factory before he entered the college.
• He got a bad mark for his test because he ... (to make) a lot of mistakes in it.
• Mr. Jackson said that he … (already/buy) everything for lunch.
• John … (not play) the violin since he was school.
• They ... (to marry) before they bought this house.

Упражнение 2

Say what action was done before. Combine the two sentences into one. Oпределите, какое действие произошло раньше. Объедините два предложения в одно, не меняя части местами. Используйте BEFORE.

Example : I sent a telegram. Then I met my friend. - I had sent a telegram before I met my friend.

• The rain stopped. I went for a walk.
• I did my homework. My mother returned home.
• We met in the street. We went to the park.
• They packed their things. Then they started.
• I had dinner. I switched on the TV set.
• He returned home. The guests left.
• We came to the cinema. The film began.
• I read the book. I saw the play.
• They lived here. They moved to another place.
• We played а game of tennis. We went to my place.

Упражнение 3

Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму Past Simple и Past Perfect, обращая внимание на последовательность действий

Example : When my mum … (appear), my father already … (start) the car . – When my mum appeared, my father had already started the car.

(Когда мама появилась, мой папа уже завел машину.)

• When the police … (arrive), we already … (catch) the thief.
• Jack … (finish) the test before the bell … (ring).
• When Anna … (come) to say good-night, her children already … (fall asleep).
• Scott already … (prepare) the dinner when her husband … (get) home from work.
• When Brad and Susan … (get married), they … (know) each other for 3 years.
• She … (not enjoy) the film because she … (read) the book before.
• Our apartment … (be) in a mess because I … (have) a birthday party the night before.
• We … (not go) to a restaurant because we … (spend) all our money on clothes.
• Mary … (can’t go) skating after she … (break) her leg.
• Larry … (be late) because he … (get stuck) in a traffic jam.

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Прошедшее завершённое время had + V 3 had worked had played had written

Употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершилось до определённого момента в прошлом. Этот момент может быть определён: такими обозначениями времени, как by 5 o`clock (к 5 часам) ; by Saturday (к субботе) ; by the end of the year (к концу года) ; by that time (к тому времени) ; by the 15 th of December (к 15 декабря) By the end of the year he had learnt to speak English. We had done our homework by 4 o`clock . другим (более поздним) прошедшим действием, выраженным в Past Simple: We watched the film which our friends had told us about. Tom ate an ice-cream he had bought in the shop.

А также Past Perfect используется: в придаточном предложении после союза after (после того, как): After the sun had set , we decided to return home. в сложно-подчинённом предложении с союзом before (прежде чем; до того как): I had finished my work before my mother came. в главном предложении при наличии наречий hardly, scarcely (едва): He had hardly entered the house, when it started to rain.

Before I went to Russia last year I (to read) a lot about it. I found that your country (to change) so much. I (to hear) that Moscow became as an international city as London. I (to expect) that Russia is a cold country and I (to find) it was true. She (to be born) before the war (to begin) . Captain Cook (to discover) the island before he (to die) .

По теме: методические разработки, презентации и конспекты

В данной презентации предъявляется грамматический материал, необходимый для различения глагольно-временных форм Past Simple и Present Perfect. После чего учащимся предлагается выполнить упражнение для...

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PAST PERFECT TENSE School 335 Lyubanets I.S .

Past Perfect употребляется для выражения: Прошедшего действия, совершившегося до определенного момента в прошлом, который определяется: а) обстоятельствами времени; б) другим, более поздним, прошедшим действием; в) ситуацией или контекстом.

by two o’clock к двум часам by noon к полудню by Saturday к субботе by the 15 th of September к 15 сентября by then к этому/тому времени by that time к тому времени by the end of the week к концу недели by the end of the year к концу года

Утвердительное предложение _______ had + v 3 (‘d + v 3) He had played. I had played. They had played.

Отрицательная форма _______ had not + v 3 (hadn’t + v 3) He had not played. I hadn’t played. They hadn’t played.

Вопросительная форма Wh had ______ v 3 ? Had he played? When had you played? How had they played?

Примеры: Fortunately the rain had stopped before we left the house. – К счастью, дождь закончился до того, как мы ушли. By the time I came home my family had already finished dinner. – К тому времени, как я пришел домой, моя семья уже поужинала.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect. When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner. When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our homework. When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books. Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw).

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect. 6 . The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field. 7. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands. 8. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework. 9. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave) 10. Tom (to return) from the cinema at five o"clock.

• Past Perfect употребляется для выражения:

• Прошедшего действия, совершившегося до определенного момента в прошлом, который определяется:
• а) обстоятельствами времени;
• б) другим, более поздним, прошедшим действием;
• в) ситуацией или контекстом.

• by two o’clock к двум часам
• by noon к полудню
• by Saturday к субботе
• by the 15 th of September к 15 сентября
• by then к этому/тому времени
• by that time к тому времени
• by the end of the week к концу недели
• by the end of the year к концу года

Утвердительное предложение

_______ had + v 3 (‘d + v 3)

They had played.

Отрицательная форма

_______ had not + v 3 (hadn’t + v 3)

He had not played.

I hadn’t played.

They hadn’t played.

Вопросительная форма

Wh had ______ v 3 ?

When had you played?

How had they played?

Примеры:

Fortunately the rain had stopped before we left the house. – К счастью, дождь закончился до того, как мы ушли.

By the time I came home my family had already finished dinner. – К тому времени, как я пришел домой, моя семья уже поужинала.

Past Simple или Past Perfect.

• When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner.
• When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our homework.
• When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books.
• Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before.
• Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw).

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.

6 . The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field.

7. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands.

8. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework.

9. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave)

10. Tom (to return) from the cinema at five o"clock.

Let’s check up!

• came, had cooked
• returned, had already done
• entered, had already opened
• gave, had bought
• showed, had drawn
• gave, had brought
• saw, hadn’t washed
• understood, hadn’t done
• came, had already left
• returned

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